light info has unique id no

Reviewed-on: #3

.gitignore

@@ -3,3 +3,4 @@
 .vscode/c_cpp_properties.json
 .vscode/launch.json
 .vscode/ipch
+.venv/

.gitmodules

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[submodule "lib/state-machine"]
+	path = lib/state-machine
+	url = https://github.com/t-liu93/state-machine

.vscode/settings.json

@@ -55,5 +55,6 @@
         "thread": "cpp",
         "cinttypes": "cpp",
         "typeinfo": "cpp"
-    }
+    },
+    "idf.portWin": "COM4"
 }

helper/remote-serial.py

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Telnet-only tool to toggle DTR/RTS via ser2net admin console.
+
+New sequences (physical levels):
+ - restart:  RTS HI -> DTR LO -> DTR HI
+ - download: RTS LO -> DTR LO -> DTR HI -> RTS HI
+
+Timing parameters tunable via args (ms). Use admin host/port and connection name (con).
+Example:
+  python3 helper/remote-serial.py --host 192.168.1.100 --admin-port 7373 --con con1 --action restart -v
+"""
+import argparse
+import socket
+import errno
+import time
+import sys
+
+def send_admin_cmd(host, port, cmd, timeout=1.0, verbose=False):
+    if verbose:
+        print(f"> {cmd}")
+    try:
+        with socket.create_connection((host, port), timeout=timeout) as s:
+            s.settimeout(timeout)
+            try:
+                s.sendall(cmd.encode('ascii') + b"\n")
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"ERROR sending command: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
+                return None
+            # small pause to let server respond
+            time.sleep(0.05)
+            chunks = []
+            while True:
+                try:
+                    data = s.recv(4096)
+                    if not data:
+                        break
+                    chunks.append(data)
+                    # short sleep to allow more data to arrive
+                    time.sleep(0.01)
+                except socket.timeout:
+                    break
+                except OSError as e:
+                    if getattr(e, 'errno', None) == errno.EWOULDBLOCK:
+                        break
+                    break
+            resp = b"".join(chunks)
+            if resp:
+                try:
+                    txt = resp.decode(errors="ignore")
+                except Exception:
+                    txt = str(resp)
+                if verbose:
+                    print(txt.strip())
+                return txt
+            return ""
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"ERROR: cannot connect to {host}:{port} -> {e}", file=sys.stderr)
+        return None
+
+def set_port_control(host, admin_port, con, line, hi_or_lo, timeout, verbose):
+    # hi_or_lo must be 'HI' or 'LO'
+    cmd = f"setportcontrol {con} {line}{hi_or_lo}"
+    return send_admin_cmd(host, admin_port, cmd, timeout=timeout, verbose=verbose)
+
+def run_sequence(host, admin_port, con, seq, timeout, verbose):
+    # seq: list of (line, state, sleep_seconds)
+    for line, state, sleep_s in seq:
+        if verbose:
+            print(f"-> {line}{state}  (wait {sleep_s:.3f}s)")
+        res = set_port_control(host, admin_port, con, line, state, timeout, verbose)
+        # continue even if response is None; user sees errors in stderr
+        if sleep_s and sleep_s > 0:
+            time.sleep(sleep_s)
+
+def main():
+    p = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="ser2net admin: restart / download sequences (explicit HI/LO)")
+    p.add_argument("--host", required=True, help="ser2net admin host/ip")
+    p.add_argument("--admin-port", type=int, required=True, help="ser2net admin port")
+    p.add_argument("--con", required=True, help="ser2net connection name (e.g. con1)")
+    p.add_argument("--action", choices=["restart", "download", "bootloader"], default="restart",
+                   help="restart or download (bootloader alias)")
+    p.add_argument("--pulse-ms", type=float, default=100.0, help="DTR pulse length in milliseconds")
+    p.add_argument("--step-delay-ms", type=float, default=20.0, help="short delay between steps in milliseconds")
+    p.add_argument("--tail-delay-ms", type=float, default=50.0, help="extra delay after sequence in milliseconds")
+    p.add_argument("--timeout", type=float, default=1.0, help="telnet connect/read timeout seconds")
+    p.add_argument("-v", "--verbose", action="store_true")
+    args = p.parse_args()
+
+    pulse_s = max(0.001, args.pulse_ms / 1000.0)
+    step_delay_s = max(0.0, args.step_delay_ms / 1000.0)
+    tail_delay_s = max(0.0, args.tail_delay_ms / 1000.0)
+
+    if args.verbose:
+        print(f"Admin {args.host}:{args.admin_port}  con={args.con}  action={args.action}")
+
+    # sequences use explicit physical HI/LO as requested
+    if args.action == "restart":
+        seq = [
+            ("RTS", "HI", step_delay_s),   # RTS HI
+            ("DTR", "LO", pulse_s),        # DTR LO (pulse start)
+            ("DTR", "HI", tail_delay_s),   # DTR HI (pulse end), then tail delay
+        ]
+    else:  # download / bootloader
+        # Ensure known starting state (RESET released), then enter download:
+        # 1) ensure DTR=HI (reset released)
+        # 2) RTS=LO (IO0 low)
+        # 3) DTR=LO -> wait pulse_ms
+        # 4) DTR=HI -> small delay
+        # 5) RTS=HI -> release IO0 (enter bootloader)
+        seq = [
+            ("DTR", "HI", step_delay_s),   # ensure reset released
+            ("RTS", "LO", step_delay_s),   # RTS LO (IO0 low)
+            ("DTR", "LO", pulse_s),        # DTR LO (reset asserted)
+            ("DTR", "HI", step_delay_s),   # DTR HI (reset released)
+            ("RTS", "HI", tail_delay_s),   # RTS HI (release IO0)
+        ]
+
+    run_sequence(args.host, args.admin_port, args.con, seq, args.timeout, args.verbose)
+
+    if args.verbose:
+        print("Sequence finished.")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

include/config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <string>
+
+inline constexpr uint8_t ledPinR = 16;
+inline constexpr uint8_t ledPinG = 17;
+inline constexpr uint8_t ledPinB = 18;
+inline constexpr uint8_t ledPinCW = 19;
+inline constexpr uint8_t ledPinWW = 21;
+
+inline constexpr std::string_view hostName = "smart-rgb";
+inline constexpr std::string_view friendlyName = "Smart RGB";
+inline constexpr uint32_t maxNumberOfStates = 10;
+
+inline constexpr std::string_view mqttBroker = "10.238.75.81";

include/debugutil.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <Arduino.h>
+
+#ifndef ENABLE_SERIAL_DEBUG
+  #define ENABLE_SERIAL_DEBUG 0
+#endif
+
+struct Debug {
+    static constexpr bool enabled = static_cast<bool>(ENABLE_SERIAL_DEBUG);
+    static inline void begin(unsigned long baud) {
+        if constexpr (enabled) Serial.begin(baud);
+    }
+    template<typename... Args>
+    static inline void print(Args&&... args) {
+        if constexpr (enabled) { (Serial.print(std::forward<Args>(args)), ...); }
+    }
+    template<typename... Args>
+    static inline void println(Args&&... args) {
+        if constexpr (enabled) {
+            (Serial.print(std::forward<Args>(args)), ...);
+            Serial.println();
+        }
+    }
+    template<typename... Args>
+    static inline void printf(const char *fmt, Args&&... args) {
+        if constexpr (enabled) {
+            Serial.printf(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+        }
+    }
+};

lib/communication/mqtt.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+#include <PubSubClient.h>
+#include <WiFiClient.h>
+#include "debugutil.hpp"
+#include "mqtt.h"
+
+constexpr uint16_t BUFFER_SIZE = 2048;
+
+static WiFiClient wifiClient = WiFiClient();
+static PubSubClient mqttClient = PubSubClient(wifiClient);
+std::string Mqtt::brokerIp;
+uint16_t Mqtt::brokerPort;
+std::string Mqtt::clientId;
+std::string Mqtt::username;
+std::string Mqtt::password;
+std::map<std::string, MqttCallback> Mqtt::callbacks;
+bool Mqtt::initialized = false;
+bool Mqtt::isConnected = false;
+
+void Mqtt::mqttCb(char* topic, uint8_t* payload, unsigned int length) {
+    std::string topicStr(topic);
+    if (callbacks.find(topicStr) != callbacks.end()) {
+        callbacks[topicStr](payload, length);
+    }
+}
+
+void Mqtt::subscribe(const std::string& topic, MqttCallback callback) {
+    if (mqttClient.connected()) {
+        if (mqttClient.subscribe(topic.c_str())) {
+            callbacks[topic] = callback;
+            Debug::printf("Subscribed to topic: %s\n", topic.c_str());
+        } else {
+            Debug::printf("Failed to subscribe to topic: %s\n", topic.c_str());
+        }
+    } else {
+        Debug::println("MQTT client is not connected. Cannot subscribe.");
+    }
+}
+
+void Mqtt::unsubscribe(const std::string& topic) {
+    if (mqttClient.connected()) {
+        if (mqttClient.unsubscribe(topic.c_str())) {
+            Debug::printf("Unsubscribed from topic: %s\n", topic.c_str());
+        } else {
+            Debug::printf("Failed to unsubscribe from topic: %s\n", topic.c_str());
+        }
+    } else {
+        Debug::println("MQTT client is not connected. Unsubscribe skipped.");
+    }
+    if (callbacks.find(topic) != callbacks.end()) {
+        callbacks.erase(topic);
+    }
+}
+
+void Mqtt::publish(const std::string& topic, const std::string& payload, bool retain) {
+    if (mqttClient.connected()) {
+        if (mqttClient.publish(topic.c_str(), payload.c_str(), retain)) {
+        } else {
+            Debug::printf("Failed to publish to topic: %s\n", topic.c_str(), payload.c_str());
+        }
+    } else {
+        Debug::println("MQTT client is not connected. Cannot publish.");
+    }
+}
+
+void Mqtt::poll() {
+    if (mqttClient.connected()) {
+        mqttClient.loop(); // Process incoming messages
+    } else {
+        Debug::println("MQTT client is not connected. Polling skipped.");
+    }
+}
+
+void Mqtt::checkConnection() {
+    if (!mqttClient.connected()) {
+        Debug::println("MQTT client is not connected. Attempting to reconnect...");
+        if (mqttClient.connect(Mqtt::clientId.c_str(), Mqtt::username.c_str(), Mqtt::password.c_str())) {
+            Debug::println("Reconnected to MQTT broker successfully.");
+            for (const auto& callback : Mqtt::callbacks) {
+                mqttClient.subscribe(callback.first.c_str());
+            }
+            Mqtt::isConnected = true;
+        } else {
+            Debug::printf("Failed to reconnect to MQTT broker, rc=%d\n", mqttClient.state());
+            Mqtt::isConnected = false;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void Mqtt::connect(std::string brokerIp, uint16_t brokerPort, std::string clientId, std::string username, std::string password) {
+    Mqtt::brokerIp = brokerIp;
+    Mqtt::brokerPort = brokerPort;
+    Mqtt::clientId = clientId;
+    Mqtt::username = username;
+    Mqtt::password = password;
+    mqttClient.setServer(Mqtt::brokerIp.c_str(), Mqtt::brokerPort);
+    mqttClient.setKeepAlive(60);
+    mqttClient.setCallback(mqttCb);
+    mqttClient.setBufferSize(BUFFER_SIZE);
+
+    if (mqttClient.connect(Mqtt::clientId.c_str(), Mqtt::username.c_str(), Mqtt::password.c_str())) {
+        Debug::println("Connected to MQTT broker");
+        Mqtt::initialized = true;
+        Mqtt::isConnected = true;
+    } else {
+        Debug::printf("Failed to connect to MQTT broker, rc=%d\n", mqttClient.state());
+    }
+}

lib/communication/mqtt.h

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <string>
+#include <functional>
+#include <map>
+
+typedef std::function<void(uint8_t*, int)> MqttCallback;
+
+class Mqtt {
+public:
+    static void connect(std::string brokerIp, uint16_t brokerPort, std::string clientId, std::string username="mqtt", std::string password="mqtt");
+    static void poll();
+    static void checkConnection();
+    static void publish(const std::string& topic, const std::string& payload, bool retain = false);
+    static void subscribe(const std::string& topic, MqttCallback callback);
+    static void unsubscribe(const std::string& topic);
+    static void mqttCb(char* topic, uint8_t* payload, unsigned int length);
+
+private:
+    static std::string brokerIp;
+    static uint16_t brokerPort;
+    static std::string clientId;
+    static std::string username;
+    static std::string password;
+    static bool initialized;
+    static bool isConnected;
+    static std::map<std::string, MqttCallback> callbacks;
+};

lib/light/light.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include "debugutil.hpp"
+#include "light.h"
+#include "mqtt.h"
+
+constexpr uint16_t configMsgSize = 1024;
+constexpr uint16_t statusMsgSize = 128;
+constexpr uint8_t minPwmValue = 0;
+constexpr double gammaCorrection = 2.4;
+constexpr uint32_t maxPwmUi = 255;
+
+const struct {
+    String available = "online";
+    String notAvailable = "offline";
+} Availability;
+
+
+Light::Light(Pin* pinR, Pin* pinG, Pin* pinB, std::string uniqueId)
+    : pinR(pinR), pinG(pinG), pinB(pinB), pinCW(nullptr), pinWW(nullptr), lightInfo(uniqueId) {
+
+    lightType = LightType::rgb;
+    uint8_t bits = pinR->getLedResolutionBits();
+    maxPwm = (bits >= 1 && bits <= 31) ? ((1u << bits) - 1u) : 255u;
+    notifyOnline();
+}
+
+Light::Light(Pin* pinR, Pin* pinG, Pin* pinB, Pin* pinCW, Pin* pinWW, std::string uniqueId)
+    : pinR(pinR), pinG(pinG), pinB(pinB), pinCW(pinCW), pinWW(pinWW), lightInfo(uniqueId) {
+    lightType = LightType::rgbww;
+    uint8_t bits = pinR->getLedResolutionBits();
+    maxPwm = (bits >= 1 && bits <= 31) ? ((1u << bits) - 1u) : 255u;
+    publishInitialState();
+    notifyOnline();
+}
+
+void Light::publishInitialState() {
+    // Publish the initial state of the light
+    JsonDocument configInfo;
+    JsonObject deviceInfo = configInfo["device"].to<JsonObject>();
+    deviceInfo["name"] = this->deviceInfo.name;
+    deviceInfo["model"] = this->deviceInfo.model;
+    JsonArray identifiers = deviceInfo["identifiers"].to<JsonArray>();
+    identifiers.add(this->lightInfo.uniqueId);
+    deviceInfo["sw_version"] = this->deviceInfo.swVersion;
+    deviceInfo["manufacturer"] = this->deviceInfo.manufacturer;
+
+    configInfo["unique_id"] = this->lightInfo.uniqueId;
+    configInfo["name"] = this->lightInfo.name;
+    configInfo["schema"] = "json";
+    configInfo["json_attributes_topic"] = this->lightInfo.jsonAttributesTopic;
+    configInfo["command_topic"] = this->lightInfo.commandTopic;
+    configInfo["color_temp_kelvin"] = true;
+    configInfo["max_kelvin"] = cwTempKelvin;
+    configInfo["min_kelvin"] = wwTempKelvin;
+    JsonArray availabilityInfo = configInfo["availability"].to<JsonArray>();
+    JsonObject availabilityItem = availabilityInfo.add<JsonObject>();
+    availabilityItem["topic"] = this->lightInfo.availabilityTopic;
+    availabilityItem["value_template"] = this->lightInfo.availabilityTemplate;
+    JsonArray supportedColorModes = configInfo["supported_color_modes"].to<JsonArray>();
+    if (lightType == LightType::rgb) {
+        supportedColorModes.add("rgb");
+    } else if (lightType == LightType::rgbw) {
+        supportedColorModes.add("rgbw");
+    } else if (lightType == LightType::rgbww) {
+        supportedColorModes.add("rgb");
+        supportedColorModes.add("color_temp");
+    } else if (lightType == LightType::colorTemperature) {
+        supportedColorModes.add("color_temp");
+    } else if (lightType == LightType::brightness) {
+        supportedColorModes.add("brightness");
+    } else {
+        supportedColorModes.add("onoff");
+    }
+    configInfo["state_topic"] = this->lightInfo.stateTopic;
+
+    std::string configJson;
+    serializeJson(configInfo, configJson);
+    Mqtt::publish(lightInfo.discoveryTopic, configJson);
+
+    std::string stateJson;
+    JsonDocument stateInfo;
+    stateInfo["state"] = "OFF";
+    stateInfo["brightness"] = maxPwmUi;
+    brightness = maxPwmUi;
+    JsonObject color = stateInfo["color"].to<JsonObject>();
+    color["r"] = 0;
+    r = 0;
+    color["g"] = 0;
+    g = 0;
+    color["b"] = 0;
+    b = 0;
+    serializeJson(stateInfo, stateJson);
+    std::string availabilityJson;
+    JsonDocument availabilityInfoDoc;
+    availabilityInfoDoc["availability"] = Availability.available;
+    serializeJson(availabilityInfoDoc, availabilityJson);
+    Mqtt::publish(lightInfo.stateTopic, stateJson);
+    Mqtt::publish(lightInfo.availabilityTopic, availabilityJson);
+}
+
+void Light::operatePin() {
+    auto clamp8 = [](int v)->uint8_t { return v < 0 ? 0 : (v > 255 ? 255 : v); };
+    if (!isOn) {
+        turnOff();
+        return;
+    }
+    uint8_t r8 = clamp8(r);
+    uint8_t g8 = clamp8(g);
+    uint8_t b8 = clamp8(b);
+    uint8_t cw8 = clamp8(cw);
+    uint8_t ww8 = clamp8(ww);
+    uint8_t br8 = clamp8(brightness);
+
+    uint32_t rGamma = correctGamma(r8);
+    uint32_t gGamma = correctGamma(g8);
+    uint32_t bGamma = correctGamma(b8);
+    uint32_t cwGamma = correctGamma(cw8);
+    uint32_t wwGamma = correctGamma(ww8);
+    uint32_t brGamma = correctGamma(br8);
+
+    auto mixHw = [this](uint32_t cG, uint32_t bG) -> uint32_t {
+        return static_cast<uint32_t>((static_cast<uint64_t>(cG) * bG + (maxPwm / 2)) / maxPwm);
+    };
+
+    uint32_t rSetpoint = mixHw(rGamma, brGamma);
+    uint32_t gSetpoint = mixHw(gGamma, brGamma);
+    uint32_t bSetpoint = mixHw(bGamma, brGamma);
+    uint32_t cwSetpoint = 0;
+    uint32_t wwSetpoint = 0;
+
+    if (activeMode == ActiveMode::modeCct) {
+        uint32_t peak = cwGamma > wwGamma ? cwGamma : wwGamma;
+        if (peak > 0) {
+            uint32_t cwGammaUp = static_cast<uint32_t>(
+                (static_cast<uint64_t>(cwGamma) * maxPwm + (peak / 2)) / peak
+            );
+            uint32_t wwGammaUp = static_cast<uint32_t>(
+                (static_cast<uint64_t>(wwGamma) * maxPwm + (peak / 2)) / peak
+            );
+            if (cwGammaUp > maxPwm) cwGammaUp = maxPwm;
+            if (wwGammaUp > maxPwm) wwGammaUp = maxPwm;
+
+            cwSetpoint = mixHw(cwGammaUp, brGamma);
+            wwSetpoint = mixHw(wwGammaUp, brGamma);
+        } else {
+            cwSetpoint = wwSetpoint = 0;
+        }
+    } else {
+        cwSetpoint = mixHw(cwGamma, brGamma);
+        wwSetpoint = mixHw(wwGamma, brGamma);
+    }
+
+    if (pinR) pinR->setLedLevel(rSetpoint);
+    if (pinG) pinG->setLedLevel(gSetpoint);
+    if (pinB) pinB->setLedLevel(bSetpoint);
+    if (pinCW) pinCW->setLedLevel(cwSetpoint);
+    if (pinWW) pinWW->setLedLevel(wwSetpoint);
+}
+
+void Light::notifyOnline() {
+    Mqtt::subscribe(lightInfo.commandTopic, [this](uint8_t* payload, int length) {
+        std::string command(reinterpret_cast<char*>(payload), length);
+        handleCommand(command);
+    });
+    publishInitialState();
+}
+
+void Light::notifyOffline() {
+    Mqtt::unsubscribe(lightInfo.commandTopic);
+    JsonDocument availabilityDoc;
+    availabilityDoc["availability"] = Availability.notAvailable;
+    std::string availabilityJson;
+    serializeJson(availabilityDoc, availabilityJson);
+    Mqtt::publish(lightInfo.availabilityTopic, availabilityJson);
+}
+
+void Light::handleCommand(const std::string& command) {
+    Debug::println("Received command: " + String(command.c_str()));
+    JsonDocument commandJson;
+    deserializeJson(commandJson, command);
+    if (commandJson.isNull()) {
+        Debug::println("Invalid command JSON");
+        return;
+    }
+    if (commandJson["state"].is<String>()) {
+        std::string state = commandJson["state"].as<std::string>();
+        if (state == "ON") {
+            isOn = true;
+        } else if (state == "OFF") {
+            isOn = false;
+        }
+    }
+    if (commandJson["brightness"].is<int>()) {
+        brightness = commandJson["brightness"].as<int>();
+    }
+    if (commandJson["color"].is<JsonObject>()) {
+        JsonObject color = commandJson["color"];
+        r = color["r"] | maxPwmUi;
+        g = color["g"] | maxPwmUi;
+        b = color["b"] | maxPwmUi;
+        cw = 0;
+        ww = 0;
+        activeMode = ActiveMode::modeRgb;
+    }
+    if (commandJson["color_temp"].is<int>()) {
+        colorTemperature = commandJson["color_temp"].as<int>();
+        applyKelvin(colorTemperature);
+    }
+    if (lightType == LightType::rgb || lightType == LightType::rgbw || lightType == LightType::rgbww)
+    {
+        operatePin();
+        publishCurrentState();
+    }
+}
+
+void Light::turnOff() {
+    isOn = false;
+    if (pinR != nullptr) pinR->setLedLevel(0);
+    if (pinG != nullptr) pinG->setLedLevel(0);
+    if (pinB != nullptr) pinB->setLedLevel(0);
+    if (pinCW != nullptr) pinCW->setLedLevel(0);
+    if (pinWW != nullptr) pinWW->setLedLevel(0);
+}
+
+void Light::publishCurrentState() {
+    // Publish the current state of the light
+    JsonDocument stateInfo;
+    JsonDocument attributeInfo;
+    stateInfo["state"] = isOn ? "ON" : "OFF";
+    stateInfo["availability"] = Availability.available; // Current availability
+    stateInfo["brightness"] = brightness;
+    if (activeMode == ActiveMode::modeRgb) {
+        JsonObject color = stateInfo["color"].to<JsonObject>();
+        color["r"] = r;
+        color["g"] = g;
+        color["b"] = b;
+        stateInfo["color_mode"] = "rgb";
+    } else if (activeMode == ActiveMode::modeCct) {
+        stateInfo["color_temp"] = colorTemperature;
+        stateInfo["color_mode"] = "color_temp";
+    }
+    attributeInfo["pwmR"] = pinR->getLedLevel();
+    attributeInfo["pwmG"] = pinG->getLedLevel();
+    attributeInfo["pwmB"] = pinB->getLedLevel();
+    if (pinCW != nullptr)
+        attributeInfo["pwmCW"] = pinCW->getLedLevel();
+    if (pinWW != nullptr)
+        attributeInfo["pwmWW"] = pinWW->getLedLevel();
+
+    std::string stateJson;
+    serializeJson(stateInfo, stateJson);
+    Debug::println("Publishing current state: " + String(stateJson.c_str()));
+    Mqtt::publish(lightInfo.stateTopic, stateJson);
+    std::string attributeJson;
+    serializeJson(attributeInfo, attributeJson);
+    Debug::println("Publishing current attributes: " + String(attributeJson.c_str()));
+    Mqtt::publish(lightInfo.jsonAttributesTopic, attributeJson);
+}
+
+uint32_t Light::correctGamma(uint32_t originalPwm) {
+    double normalized = static_cast<double>(originalPwm) / maxPwmUi;
+    if (normalized <= 0.04045) {
+        return static_cast<uint32_t>((normalized / 12.92) * maxPwm);
+    } else {
+        return static_cast<uint32_t>(pow((normalized + 0.055) / 1.055, gammaCorrection) * maxPwm);
+    }
+}
+
+void Light::applyKelvin(uint32_t kelvin) {
+    if (kelvin > cwTempKelvin) kelvin = cwTempKelvin;
+    if (kelvin < wwTempKelvin) kelvin = wwTempKelvin;
+    double tLin = static_cast<double>(kelvin - wwTempKelvin) / static_cast<double>(cwTempKelvin - wwTempKelvin);
+    r = 0;
+    g = 0;
+    b = 0;
+    cw = static_cast<uint8_t>(tLin * maxPwmUi);
+    ww = static_cast<uint8_t>((1.0 - tLin) * maxPwmUi);
+    activeMode = ActiveMode::modeCct;
+}

lib/light/light.h

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include "pin.h"
+
+struct LightInfo {
+    LightInfo() = default;
+    LightInfo(const std::string& id) {
+        uniqueId = id;
+        updateTopics();
+    }
+    void setUniqueId(const std::string& id) {
+        uniqueId = id;
+        updateTopics();
+    }
+    void updateTopics() {
+        discoveryTopic = discoveryTopicBase + uniqueId + "/config";
+        availabilityTopic = topicBase + uniqueId + "/availability";
+        stateTopic = topicBase + uniqueId + "/state";
+        jsonAttributesTopic = topicBase + uniqueId + "/attributes";
+        commandTopic = topicBase + uniqueId + "/state/set";
+    }
+    std::string uniqueId;
+    const std::string name = "Smart RGB Light";
+    const std::string discoveryTopicBase = "homeassistant/light/";
+    std::string discoveryTopic = discoveryTopicBase + uniqueId + "/config";
+    const std::string topicBase = "studiotj/";
+    std::string availabilityTopic = topicBase + uniqueId + "/availability";
+    std::string stateTopic = topicBase + uniqueId + "/state";
+    std::string jsonAttributesTopic = topicBase + uniqueId + "/attributes";
+    std::string stateValueTemplate = "{{ value_json.state }}";
+    std::string commandTopic = topicBase + uniqueId + "/state/set";
+    const std::string supportedColorModesValue = "['rgb', 'brightness']";
+    const std::string availabilityTemplate = "{{ value_json.availability }}";
+};
+
+struct DeviceInfo {
+    std::string name = "Smart RGB Light";
+    std::string model = "smart_rgb_light";
+    std::string identifier = "smart_rgb_light_";
+    std::string swVersion = "1.0"; // TODO: version will be generated.
+    std::string manufacturer = "Studio TJ";
+};
+
+enum LightType {
+    onOff,
+    brightness,
+    colorTemperature,
+    rgb,
+    rgbw,
+    rgbww,
+};
+
+enum ActiveMode {
+    modeRgb,
+    modeCct
+};
+
+class Light {
+public:
+    Light(Pin* pinR, Pin* pinG, Pin* pinB, std::string uniqueId);
+    Light(Pin* pinR, Pin* pinG, Pin* pinB, Pin* pinCW, std::string uniqueId);
+    Light(Pin* pinR, Pin* pinG, Pin* pinB, Pin* pinCW, Pin* pinWW, std::string uniqueId);
+    void notifyOnline();
+    void notifyOffline();
+    void publishInitialState();
+    void publishCurrentState();
+    void setHsl(uint8_t h, uint8_t s, uint8_t l);
+    void setColorTemperature(uint16_t temperature);
+    void setBrightness(uint8_t brightness);
+    void turnOff();
+
+private:
+    void handleCommand(const std::string& command);
+    void operatePin();
+    uint32_t correctGamma(uint32_t originalPwm);
+    void applyKelvin(uint32_t kelvin);
+    uint8_t r = 0; // Default to white
+    uint8_t g = 0; // Default to white
+    uint8_t b = 0; // Default to white
+    uint8_t cw = 255; // Default to white
+    uint8_t ww = 255; // Default to white
+    const uint32_t cwTempKelvin = 6000;
+    const uint32_t wwTempKelvin = 3000;
+    uint16_t colorTemperature;
+    uint8_t brightness;
+    uint32_t maxPwm;
+    bool isOn = false;
+    Pin* pinR;
+    Pin* pinG;
+    Pin* pinB;
+    Pin* pinCW;
+    Pin* pinWW;
+    LightInfo lightInfo;
+    DeviceInfo deviceInfo;
+    LightType lightType = onOff; // Default light type
+    ActiveMode activeMode = modeRgb;
+};

lib/network/network.cpp

@@ -5,18 +5,31 @@
 WIFIMANAGER Network::WifiManager;
 AsyncWebServer Network::webServer(80);
 
-Network::Network(std::string hostname, std::string apSsid) : hostname(hostname), apSsid(apSsid) {
+Network::Network(std::string_view hostname, std::string_view apSsid) {
+    this->hostname = std::string(hostname);
+    this->apSsid = std::string(apSsid);
     setHostname(hostname);
-    WifiManager.startBackgroundTask(apSsid.c_str(), "");
+    WifiManager.startBackgroundTask(apSsid.data(), "");
     WifiManager.fallbackToSoftAp(true);
     WifiManager.attachWebServer(&webServer);
     WifiManager.attachUI();
     webServer.on("/", HTTP_GET, [this](AsyncWebServerRequest *request) {
-        request->send(200, "text/html", this->defaultHomepage.c_str());
+        request->send(200, "text/html", this->defaultHomepage.data());
     });
     webServer.begin();
 }
 
+Network::~Network() {
+    webServer.end();
+    WifiManager.detachUI();
+    WifiManager.detachWebServer();
+}
+
+void Network::reconnect() {
+    WifiManager.stopWifi(true);
+    WifiManager.startBackgroundTask(apSsid.data(), "");
+}
+
 bool Network::isConnected() const {
     return WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED;
 }
@@ -25,14 +38,26 @@ std::string Network::getHostname() const {
     return WiFi.getHostname();
 }
 
-bool Network::setHostname(const std::string &hostname) {
-    return WiFi.setHostname(hostname.c_str());
+const std::string Network::getMacAddress() const {
+    std::string mac = WiFi.macAddress().c_str(); // format: "AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF"
+    std::string hexMac = "0x";
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < mac.size(); ++i) {
+        if (mac[i] != ':') {
+            hexMac += mac[i];
+        }
+    }
+    return hexMac;
+}
+
+bool Network::setHostname(const std::string_view &hostname) {
+    this->hostname = std::string(hostname);
+    return WiFi.setHostname(this->hostname.c_str());
 }
 
 void Network::registerMDNS() {
-    if (!MDNS.begin(hostname.c_str())) {
+    if (!MDNS.begin(this->hostname.c_str())) {
         Serial.println("Error setting up MDNS responder!");
     } else {
-        Serial.printf("mDNS responder started with hostname: %s\n", hostname.c_str());
+        Serial.printf("mDNS responder started with hostname: %s\n", this->hostname.c_str());
     }
 }

lib/network/network.h

@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
 #include <Arduino.h>
+#include <string_view>
 #include "wifimanager.h"
 
 class Network {
 public:
-    Network(std::string hostname, std::string apSsid = "Smart RGB");
+    Network(std::string_view hostname, std::string_view apSsid = "Smart RGB");
+    ~Network();
+    void reconnect();
     bool isConnected() const;
     std::string getHostname() const;
-    bool setHostname(const std::string &hostname);
+    const std::string getMacAddress() const;
+    bool setHostname(const std::string_view &hostname);
     void registerMDNS();
 private:
     static WIFIMANAGER WifiManager;

lib/ota/ota.cpp

@@ -1,29 +1,30 @@
 #include <ArduinoOTA.h>
+#include "debugutil.hpp"
 #include "ota.h"
 
-OTAHandler::OTAHandler(std::string hostname) {
-    ArduinoOTA.setHostname(hostname.c_str());
+OTAHandler::OTAHandler(std::string_view hostname) {
+    ArduinoOTA.setHostname(hostname.data());
     ArduinoOTA.onStart([]() {
-        Serial.println("OTA Start");
+        Debug::println("OTA Start");
     });
     ArduinoOTA.onEnd([]() {
-        Serial.println("OTA End");
+        Debug::println("OTA End");
     });
     ArduinoOTA.onProgress([](unsigned int progress, unsigned int total) {
-        Serial.printf("OTA Progress: %u%%\n", (progress / (total / 100)));
+        Debug::printf("OTA Progress: %u%%\n", (progress / (total / 100)));
     });
     ArduinoOTA.onError([](ota_error_t error) {
-        Serial.printf("OTA Error[%u]: ", error);
+        Debug::printf("OTA Error[%u]: ", error);
         if (error == OTA_AUTH_ERROR) {
-            Serial.println("Auth Failed");
+            Debug::println("Auth Failed");
         } else if (error == OTA_BEGIN_ERROR) {
-            Serial.println("Begin Failed");
+            Debug::println("Begin Failed");
         } else if (error == OTA_CONNECT_ERROR) {
-            Serial.println("Connect Failed");
+            Debug::println("Connect Failed");
         } else if (error == OTA_RECEIVE_ERROR) {
-            Serial.println("Receive Failed");
+            Debug::println("Receive Failed");
         } else if (error == OTA_END_ERROR) {
-            Serial.println("End Failed");
+            Debug::println("End Failed");
         }
     });
     ArduinoOTA.begin();

lib/ota/ota.h

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 #pragma once
-#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
 
 class OTAHandler {
 public:
-    OTAHandler(std::string hostname);
+    OTAHandler(std::string_view hostname);
 
     void poll();
 };

lib/pin/pin.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#include "pin.h"
+
+Pin::Pin(int pinNumber, bool isOutput, bool isLed, uint32_t ledFrequency, uint8_t ledChannel)
+    : pinNumber(pinNumber), output(isOutput), isLed(isLed), ledChannel(ledChannel) {
+    pinMode(pinNumber, isOutput ? OUTPUT : INPUT);
+    if (isLed) {
+        ledcSetup(ledChannel, ledFrequency, ledResolutionBits); // Setup LEDC for PWM with 8-bit resolution
+        ledcAttachPin(pinNumber, ledChannel); // Attach the pin to the LEDC channel
+    }
+}
+
+const uint8_t Pin::getLedResolutionBits() const {
+    return ledResolutionBits;
+}
+
+void Pin::setHigh() {
+    if (output) {
+        digitalWrite(pinNumber, HIGH);
+    }
+}
+
+void Pin::setLow() {
+    if (output) {
+        digitalWrite(pinNumber, LOW);
+    }
+}
+
+void Pin::setLedLevel(uint32_t level) {
+    if (output && isLed) {
+        ledcWrite(ledChannel, level);
+        ledLevel = level;
+    }
+}
+
+uint32_t Pin::getLedLevel() const {
+    return ledLevel;
+}
+
+bool Pin::read() {
+    if (!output) {
+        return digitalRead(pinNumber);
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+int Pin::getPinNumber() const {
+    return pinNumber;
+}
+
+bool Pin::isOutput() const {
+    return output;
+}

lib/pin/pin.h

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#pragma once
+
+class Pin {
+public:
+    Pin(int pinNumber, bool isOutput = true, bool isLed = false, uint32_t ledFrequency = 5000, uint8_t ledChannel = 0);
+    void setHigh();
+    void setLow();
+    void setLedLevel(uint32_t level);
+    uint32_t getLedLevel() const;
+    const uint8_t getLedResolutionBits() const;
+    bool read();
+    int getPinNumber() const;
+    bool isOutput() const;
+
+private:
+    uint8_t ledChannel = 0; // LED channel for PWM
+    uint8_t pinNumber;
+    uint32_t ledLevel = 0;
+    const uint8_t ledResolutionBits = 12;
+    bool output;
+    bool isLed = false; // Flag to indicate if this pin is used for LED control
+};

platformio.ini

@@ -13,13 +13,28 @@ platform = espressif32
 board = esp32dev
 framework = arduino
 monitor_speed = 115200
+build_unflags = -std=gnu++11
+build_flags =
+	-std=gnu++17
+	-I include
 lib_deps =
 	martinverges/ESP32 Wifi Manager@^1.5.0
 	esp32async/ESPAsyncWebServer@^3.7.10
 	bblanchon/ArduinoJson@^7.4.2
+	knolleary/PubSubClient@^2.8
+	arkhipenko/TaskScheduler@^3.8.5
 
 [env:esp32dev-serial]
+build_flags =
+	${env.build_flags}
+	-D ENABLE_SERIAL_DEBUG=1
 
+[env:esp32dev-serial-tcp]
+build_flags =
+	${env.build_flags}
+	-D ENABLE_SERIAL_DEBUG=1
+monitor_port = rfc2217://10.238.75.163:6000
+upload_port = rfc2217://10.238.75.163:6000
 
 [env:esp32dev-ota]
 upload_protocol = espota

src/appcontext.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#pragma once
+
+class Pin;
+template <uint32_t MAX_NUMBER_OF_STATES, uint32_t MAX_NUMBER_OF_TRANSITIONS>
+class StateMachine;
+class OTAHandler;
+class Mqtt;
+class Light;
+class Network;
+class Scheduler;
+
+struct AppContext {
+    Pin *pinR = nullptr;
+    Pin *pinG = nullptr;
+    Pin *pinB = nullptr;
+    Pin *pinCW = nullptr;
+    Pin *pinWW = nullptr;
+
+    Network *network = nullptr;
+    Light *light = nullptr;
+    Mqtt *mqtt = nullptr;
+    OTAHandler *otaHandler = nullptr;
+    Scheduler *scheduler = nullptr;
+};

src/main.cpp

@@ -1,22 +1,82 @@
 #include <Arduino.h>
+#include "appcontext.hpp"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "debugutil.hpp"
+#include "light.h"
+#include "mqtt.h"
 #include "network.h"
 #include "ota.h"
+#include "pin.h"
+#include "statemachine.hpp"
+#include "states.hpp"
+#include "TaskScheduler.h"
 #include "wifimanager.h"
 
-Network* network = nullptr;
-OTAHandler* otaHandler = nullptr;
+// Network* network = nullptr;
+// OTAHandler* otaHandler = nullptr;
+// Mqtt* mqttClient = nullptr;
+// Light *light = nullptr;
 
 
+// Task *updateTask = nullptr;
+// Task *mqttTickTask = nullptr;
+// Task *mqttCheckConnectionTask = nullptr;
+Task *appStateMachineUpdateTask = nullptr;
+
+Pin *pinR = new Pin(ledPinR, true, true, 5000, 0);
+Pin *pinG = new Pin(ledPinG, true, true, 5000, 1);
+Pin *pinB = new Pin(ledPinB, true, true, 5000, 2);
+Pin *pinCW = new Pin(ledPinCW, true, true, 5000, 3);
+Pin *pinWW = new Pin(ledPinWW, true, true, 5000, 4);
+
+AppContext *appContext = new AppContext();
+StartState *startState = new StartState(appContext);
+NetworkInitializeState *networkInitializeState = new NetworkInitializeState(appContext);
+RunningState *runningState = new RunningState(appContext);
+
+
+StateMachine<maxNumberOfStates> *stateMachine = nullptr;
+
+Scheduler *scheduler = nullptr;
+
+void initializeScheduler();
+
 void setup() {
-    // put your setup code here, to run once:
-    Serial.begin(115200);
-    Serial.println("Starting Smart RGB ESP32...");
-    network = new Network("smart-rgb");
-    otaHandler = new OTAHandler("smart-rgb-ota");
-    network->registerMDNS();
+    Debug::begin(115200);
+    Debug::println("Starting Smart RGB ESP32...");
+    stateMachine = new StateMachine<maxNumberOfStates>();
+    initializeScheduler();
+    appContext->pinR = pinR;
+    appContext->pinG = pinG;
+    appContext->pinB = pinB;
+    appContext->pinCW = pinCW;
+    appContext->pinWW = pinWW;
+    stateMachine->addStateRaw(startState);
+    stateMachine->addStateRaw(networkInitializeState);
+    stateMachine->addTransition(StateId::StartState, EventId::PinInitialized, StateId::NetworkInitializeState);
+    stateMachine->addStateRaw(runningState);
+    stateMachine->addTransition(StateId::NetworkInitializeState, EventId::WifiConnected, StateId::RunningState);
+    stateMachine->addTransition(StateId::RunningState, EventId::WifiDisconnected, StateId::NetworkInitializeState);
+    stateMachine->setInitialState(StateId::StartState);
+    // light = new Light(pinR, pinG, pinB, pinCW, pinWW, mqttClient, "smart_rgb_light");
 }
 
 void loop() {
-    otaHandler->poll(); // Handle OTA updates
-    delay(500);
+    scheduler->execute(); // Execute the scheduler to run tasks
+    yield(); // Yield to allow other tasks to run
+}
+
+void initializeScheduler() {
+    scheduler = new Scheduler();
+    appStateMachineUpdateTask = new Task(TASK_MILLISECOND, TASK_FOREVER, []() {
+        if (stateMachine) {
+            stateMachine->update();
+        }
+    }, scheduler, true, nullptr, nullptr);
+    // mqttTickTask = new Task(TASK_MILLISECOND * 100, TASK_FOREVER, []() {
+    //     Mqtt::poll(); // Poll MQTT client for messages
+    // }, scheduler, true, nullptr, nullptr);
+    // mqttCheckConnectionTask = new Task(TASK_SECOND * 30, TASK_FOREVER, []() {
+    //     Mqtt::checkConnection(); // Check MQTT connection status
+    // }, scheduler, true, nullptr, nullptr);
 }

src/states.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#include "appcontext.hpp"
+#include "config.h"
+#include "debugutil.hpp"
+#include "mqtt.h"
+#include "pin.h"
+#include "statemachine.hpp"
+
+enum class StateId
+{
+    StartState,
+    NetworkInitializeState,
+    RunningState
+};
+
+enum class EventId
+{
+    PinInitialized,
+    WifiConnected,
+    WifiDisconnected
+};
+
+class StartState : public State
+{
+public:
+    StartState(AppContext *appContext) : State("StartState", StateId::StartState), appContext(appContext) {}
+
+    void onEnter(StateMachineBase &stateMachine) override {
+        if (appContext) {
+            appContext->pinR->setLedLevel(0);
+            appContext->pinG->setLedLevel(0);
+            appContext->pinB->setLedLevel(0);
+            appContext->pinCW->setLedLevel(0);
+            appContext->pinWW->setLedLevel(0);
+        }
+        stateMachine.postEvent(EventId::PinInitialized);
+    }
+
+    void onExit(StateMachineBase &stateMachine) override {
+    }
+
+    void onUpdate(StateMachineBase &stateMachine) override {
+    }
+
+private:
+    AppContext *appContext = nullptr;
+};
+
+class NetworkInitializeState : public State
+{
+public:
+    NetworkInitializeState(AppContext *appContext) : State("NetworkInitializeState", StateId::NetworkInitializeState), appContext(appContext) {}
+
+    void onEnter(StateMachineBase &stateMachine) override {
+        Debug::println("Entering NetworkInitializeState");
+        if (appContext && !appContext->network) {
+            appContext->network = new Network(hostName, friendlyName);
+        } else if (appContext && appContext->network) {
+            appContext->network->reconnect();
+        }
+    }
+
+    void onExit(StateMachineBase &stateMachine) override {
+        if (appContext && appContext->network) {
+            appContext->network->registerMDNS();
+            if (!appContext->otaHandler) {
+                appContext->otaHandler = new OTAHandler(hostName);
+            }
+        }
+        Mqtt::connect(mqttBroker.data(), 1883, hostName.data(), "mqtt", "mqtt");
+    }
+
+    void onUpdate(StateMachineBase &stateMachine) override {
+        if (appContext && appContext->network && appContext->network->isConnected()) {
+            stateMachine.postEvent(EventId::WifiConnected);
+        }
+    }
+
+private:
+    AppContext *appContext = nullptr;
+};
+
+class RunningState : public State
+{
+public:
+    RunningState(AppContext *appContext) : State("RunningState", StateId::RunningState), appContext(appContext) {}
+    void onEnter(StateMachineBase &stateMachine) override {
+        Debug::println("Entering RunningState");
+        if (appContext) {
+            if (!appContext->light) {
+                appContext->light = new Light(appContext->pinR, appContext->pinG, appContext->pinB, appContext->pinCW, appContext->pinWW, appContext->network->getMacAddress());
+            } else {
+                appContext->light->notifyOnline();
+            }
+        }
+        lastOtaPollMs = millis();
+        lastMqttPollMs = millis();
+        lastMqttCheckConnectionPollSecond = millis() / 1000;
+        lastNetworkCheckPollMs = millis();
+    }
+
+    void onExit(StateMachineBase &stateMachine) override {
+        Debug::println("Exiting RunningState");
+        if (appContext && appContext->light) {
+            appContext->light->notifyOffline();
+        }
+    }
+
+    void onUpdate(StateMachineBase &stateMachine) override {
+        if ((millis() - lastOtaPollMs) >= otaPollInterval) {
+            lastOtaPollMs = millis();
+            if (appContext && appContext->otaHandler) {
+                appContext->otaHandler->poll();
+            }
+        }
+        if ((millis() - lastMqttPollMs) >= mqttPollInterval) {
+            lastMqttPollMs = millis();
+            Mqtt::poll();
+        }
+        if ((millis() - lastMqttCheckConnectionPollSecond) >= mqttCheckConnectionPollIntervalSecond * 1000) {
+            lastMqttCheckConnectionPollSecond = millis() / 1000;
+            Mqtt::checkConnection();
+        }
+        if ((millis() - lastNetworkCheckPollMs) >= networkCheckPollInterval) {
+            lastNetworkCheckPollMs = millis();
+            if (appContext && appContext->network && !appContext->network->isConnected()) {
+                stateMachine.postEvent(EventId::WifiDisconnected);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+private:
+    AppContext *appContext = nullptr;
+    uint32_t lastOtaPollMs = 0;
+    static constexpr uint32_t otaPollInterval = 1000; // Poll every second
+    uint32_t lastNetworkCheckPollMs = 0;
+    static constexpr uint32_t networkCheckPollInterval = 5000; // Poll every 5 seconds
+    uint32_t lastMqttPollMs = 0;
+    static constexpr uint32_t mqttPollInterval = 100; // Poll every 100 milliseconds
+    uint32_t lastMqttCheckConnectionPollSecond = 0;
+    static constexpr uint32_t mqttCheckConnectionPollIntervalSecond = 30; // Poll every 30 seconds
+};